Physiological factors are physical health issues, such as infections, pain, or medication effects, that may contribute to non-cognitive symptoms.
Non-cognitive symptoms (such as changes in behaviour, mood, or physical well-being that are not related to memory or thinking - these can include agitation, aggression, sleep problems, hallucinations, or personality changes) can often be linked to physical health issues. A GP should be consulted for a medical review to rule out delirium or other underlying causes, such as:
- Infections – Watch for signs like frequent urination, dark or cloudy urine, or pain when passing urine. A urine test may be needed.
- Pain – Conditions like arthritis can cause discomfort and impact behaviour.
- Sensory loss – Poor eyesight or hearing can lead to confusion or distress.
- Temperature changes – Feeling too hot, cold, or reacting to medication can affect well-being.
- Medication effects – Check for side effects, recent changes, or new prescriptions.
- Breathing issues – Shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing, or discoloured phlegm may indicate a problem.
- Constipation – This can cause discomfort, lethargy, or drowsiness.
It's also important to check vital signs like temperature, blood pressure, and pulse. Any noticeable changes in behaviour, appearance, or health should be assessed and addressed quickly.
For all staff and carers: If you notice changes in a person’s demeanour but are not directly involved in their medical care, inform the relevant nurse or doctor to ensure appropriate follow-up.